Ieee guide for direct lightning stroke shielding of substations 1. The lighting system shall comprise of the following. The area is to be illuminated to a general level of 250 lux using twin lamp 32 watt cfl luminaires with a. For decades, lighting calculations have been the backbone of lighting designs for almost all lighting applications, indoors and out. Outside lighting, except for security, is eliminated. Lighting design and calculations the lumen method this method is also called. Army, usa, technical manual tm 58116, electric power plant design. Jayanth kumar boppa executive engineer electrical design npcil, mumbai agenda introduction design considerations design parameters switchyard electrical clearances transmission line clearances switchyard design calculations comparison of rigid and flexible buses point on wave switching porcelain vs polymer composite insulators proposal. An example of calculating the number of indoor lighting fixtures. To prevent damage to electrical equipment, surge protection considerations are paramount to a welldesigned electrical.
The ergon energy design philosophy is to provide substations. An introduction to lighting design, i classify the outdoor lighting fixtures according to. Photometrical computation and mostly used for interior lighting calculation to determine the total number of luminaires required to produce a given illuminance by the lumen method we apply the following formula. Lighting design and calculations philadelphia university. Area lighting design calculations part one electrical knowhow. If the reprint or republication includes ed material, the credit should also state. Room reflectance the room is considered to consist of three main surfaces. Power plant electrical distribution systems gary w castleberry, pe 2008 pdh center 2410 dakota lakes drive herndon, va 201712995 phone. Code of practice for industrial lighting may 1997 3. Calculations for earth impedances and touch and step potentials are based on site measurements of ground resistivity and system fault levels. Calculate lightning protection for building structure. Each piece of electrical equipment in an electrical system needs to be protected from voltage surges. Design of switchyard nwa free download as powerpoint presentation.
Substation design services 4002202kv gis substation. The difference in surface potential experienced by a person bridging a. The effective reflectances of the above three surfaces affect the quantity of reflected light received by the working plane. Design of switchyard nwa electrical substation lighting. He is member of institution of engineers mie and ceng,india. Calculate whether lightning protection is required or not for following building. Environmental lighting such as lighting of parks, gardens, sea shores, monuments and historical sites. The lightning protection calculation is designed and optimized for air insulated substations switchyard. Grounding systems that are intentionally bonded but not physically adjacent are considered separately grounded. Mains and emergency lighting cooper lighting and safety. Jayanth kumar boppa executive engineer electrical design npcil, mumbai agenda introduction design considerations design parameters switchyard electrical clearances transmission line clearances switchyard design calculations comparison of rigid and flexible buses point on wave switching porcelain vs polymer composite insulators proposal implementations for future. Ieee std 9981996, ieee guide for direct lightning stroke. I have some questions about outdoor switchyard lighting.
In professional field proper lighting design is very important because an under lighting arrangement will decrease the efficiency of the task for which the lightings were designed and an over lighting arrangement will result in over expenditure of the company. Lighting system bureau of energy efficiency 153 syllabus lighting system. Power and lighting panelboards and motor control centers types of lighting systems installation methods power monitoring systems electric utility requirements trends in systems design there are many new factors to consider in the design of power distribution systems. Good practice in illuminating engineering dictates that the designer uses photometric data that is adjusted to. Supply of mldb shall be fed from lt panel board ltpb through lighting transformer in case of 400 kv. The pointbypoint method, the beamlumen method,which. How to do lighting design calculation in a building electrical wiring installation. Area lighting floodlighting application is often considered the more complex and difficult of lighting techniques.
Location of lightning masts shall be finalised after approval of dslp calculations. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process documentation and plugs any gaps where asset management documentation does not exist. The skilled application of computerized point lighting calculations can optimize lighting levels in both the task and ambient domains in order to minimize energy consumption. Level of illumination illumination levels for a wide variety of environments and tasks can be found in bs en 124641.
The fill for embankment ranges up to 27 feet in depth and the cut for excavation ranges up to 24 feet in depth. Earthing mat design for a power substation ms excel. An introduction to lighting design, i classify the outdoor lighting fixtures according to usage and lamp type. Calculate no of down conductor for lightning protection. Preliminary load estimates may be made based on the following load allowances. The application and selection of lightning arresters. Outdoor lighting design calculations part one electrical.
A grid layout with particular conductors is then analyzed to determine the effective substation earthing resistance, from which the earthing voltage is calculated. This allows for rapid and consistent protection calculations even for large substations see the 21bay switchyard below. Type of constructions b steel framed encased without metal roof as per table multiplying factor 0. Electrical design calculations linkedin slideshare.
All the lights connected to the ac lighting system for indoor areas will be connected to the lt panel board ltpb through acp1normal. All wiring for such tackle and for lighting from the point of supply shall be provided by the contractor and ll such install tons shall compl ywith all app ropri te st uto regulations. Introduction to electrical power requirements for buildings. Why are the lighting requirements in the middle of nothing. Hps have a lower colour rendering index, and in a switchyard with 20 fittings max, the cost difference is negligible. Design of substation lighting in dialux software replacing. Lighting calculations in the led era by james r benya, pe, fies, fiald, cree led lighting abstract. Building lighting protection calculation excel electrical. The most commonly used systems for floodlighting calculations are. The switchyard is located approximately 850 feet southwest of the right abutment of the dam, and approximately 170 feet higher than the top of the dam. Evaluation of rolling sphere method using leader potential concept. Pdf software development for direct lightning stroke.
Design of substation lighting in dialux software replacing conventional lights with led flood light in a switchyard sharma ajay g1 deepa karvat2 1 pg student 2asst. Earthing mat design for substation spreadsheet photo by input fields as per ansiieee std 801986 code. Anyone wishing to make further use of ed material, by itself and apart from this text, should seek necessary permission directly from the proprietors. The difference between the ground potential rise and the surface potential at the point where the person is standing while at the same time having a hand in contact with a grounded structure. This guide is meant to help in making lighting estimations, not precise calculations. Code of practice for interior illumination july 1991 2. Evaluation of rolling sphere method using leader potential. Determine the average lighting level and type of light source for each area. In addition, the ndow drapes and blinds are to be used to reduce heat losses by closing them during nighttime 61802 chapter 11. Personal protective grounding for electric power facilities. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather.
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